• All characters are presented in falling statistical order with the most commonly used characters first.
• Alternative forms of the characters are specified within parentheses
�C in which case "F" marks full (or traditional) forms, "S" marks simplified (or modern) forms and "A" marks alternative forms (mostly special numerals).
• Pronunciations are specified according to Pinyin and written within brackets "[...]". After each given pronunciation, a number of possible translations are listed. If a character corresponds closely to a somewhat longer word (usually a word that contains the character in question), the longer word is given in the list of translations marked with parentheses and a "=".
• After the translation of each character, example words containing the character are often listed �C these words are separated by semi commas. No guarantee is given that all the most common words are listed or that the given examples are very common.
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• Grammatical particles, classifiers and other special translations are marked with hooks "<...>".
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Seq.num.	Character	Pronunciations and explanations
1	的	[de] <grammatical particle marking genitive as well as simple and composed adjectives>; 我的 wǒde my; 高的 gāode high, tall; 是的 shìde that's it, that's right; 是...的 shì...de one who...; 他是说汉语的. Tā shì shuō Hànyǔde. He is one who speaks Chinese. [dì] 目的 mùdì goal [dí] true, real; 的确 díquè certainly
2	一(F壹)	[yī] one, a little; 第一 dì-yī first, primary; 看一看 kànyīkàn have a (quick) look at [yí] (used before tone #4); 一个人 yí gè rén one person; 一定 yídìng certain; 一样 yíyàng same; 一月yíyuè January [yì] (used before tones #2 and #3); 一点儿 yìdiǎnr a little; 一些 yìxiē some {Compare with 幺(F么) yāo, which also means "one"}
3	是	[shì] to be, 是不是? shìbushì? is (it) or is (it) not?; 是否 shìfǒu whether or not, is (it) or is (it) not?
4	不	[bù] not [bú] (used before tone #4); 不是 bú shì isn't
5	了	[le] <verb particle marking a new situation or a completed action>; 你来了! Nǐ láile! You have come! 我累了! Wǒ lèile! I've gotten tired! 那好了! Nà hǎole! That's OK (now)! 我只请了一位客人. Wǒ zhǐ qǐngle yí wèi kèren. I invited only one guest. [liǎo] end, finish, settle, dispose of, know clearly, to be able, (=了解 liǎojiě) understand, comprehend; 了了 liǎoliaǒ clearly understand, settle (a debt/etc.), to be intelligent; 了了 liǎole to be over/ended/finnish/settled; 你卖不了! Nǐ mài bùliǎo! You will not be able to sell (it)! [liào] (=�t liaò) to survey/watch {Compare with 子 zǐ child}
6	人	[rén] person; 人类 rénlèi humankind; 有人吗? yǒu rén ma? Is there anybody here? {Compare with 入 rù enter}
7	我	[wǒ] I, me, my; 我们 wǒmen we, us {Compare with 找 zhǎo seek}
8	在	[zài] at; 现在 xiànzài now; 存在 cúnzài exist
9	有	[yǒu] have, there is; 没有 méiyǒu haven't, there isn't; 有没有? Yǒuméiyǒu? Is there or isn't there? Have (you) or haven't (you)?; 有的 yǒude some [yòu] (=又 yòu) again, both... and...
10	他	[tā] he, him, his, (she, her, it, its), (=其他 qítā) other [tuō] (in classical texts) someone else, something else
11	这(F�@)	[zhè] this; 这儿 zhèr here [zhèi] this (before classifier)
12	中	[zhōng] middle, in; 中国 Zhōngguó China [zhòng] hit (a target)
13	大	[dà] big; 多大? duōdà? how large?; 大小 dàxiǎo size; 大家 dàjiā everybody [dài] 大夫 dàifu doctor {Compare with 太 tài very and 木 mù tree}
14	来(F��)	[lái] come; 原来 yuánlái originally, as a matter of fact; 来年 láinián coming/next year(s) [lai] (when used as a verb complement); 起来 qǐlai get up
15	上	[shàng] above, on, over, top, (go) up, last, previous [shǎng] 上声 shǎngshēng 3rd tone in Mandarin [shang] (when used as a verb complement) {Compare with 下 xià under}
16	国(F��)	[guó] (=国家 guójiā) country, state, nation, <family name>; 中国 Zhōngguó China; 美国 Měiguó USA
17	个(F��,�w)	[gè] <general and non-specific classifier>; 个人 gèrén personal; 个人主页 gèrénzhùyè personal homepage [gě] 自个 zìgě oneself
18	到	[dào] to, towards, until, arrive, reach
19	说(F�f)	[shuō] explain, scold, refer to, (=说话 shuōhuà) speak, say; 游说 yóushuō persuade [shuì] try to persuade; 游说 yóushuì lobbying
20	们(F��)	[men] (pluralizing suffix for pronouns and human nouns); 我们 wǒmen we; 人们 rénmen people
21	为(F��)	[wèi] for, for the sake of, in order to, in this connection [wéi] do, act, act as, be, become; 认为 rènwéi think or believe that...; 以为 yǐwéi think or believe erroneously that... {Compare with 办 bàn do}
22	子	[zǐ] child, son; 子女 zǐnǚ sons and daughters; 儿子 érzi son [zi] (noun suffix); 桌子 zhuōzi table {Compare with 了 le <particle>}
23	和	[hé] together, with, (F��) harmony, gentle, mild, kind, <family name>; 和平 hépíng peace [Hé] Japan [huo] 暖和 nuǎnhuo nice and warm [hè] join in singing, compose a poem in reply [huó] mix with water [huò] mix, blend [hú] complete a set in Mahjong
24	你	[nǐ] (Alternative feminine form: �� nǐ) you, your; 你们 nǐmen you (plural)
25	地	[dì] earth, ground, soil, place, position, distance; 地支 dìzhī the Twelve Terrestrial Branches [de] <adverbial particle: descripion + 地 + verb>, ~ly; 快地走 kuàide zǒu walk quickly
26	出	[chū] go out, come out, in direction out from something, emit, issue, prouce; 出现 chūxiàn appear, emerge, (F�i) <classifier for operas and plays>
27	道	[dào] way, path, channel, way, say, a streak (of light), doctrine, <classifier for rivers, topics, etc.>, (=道教 Dàojiào) Taoism; 知道 zhīdao know [dǎo] (=导 dǎo) lead; 领道 = 领导 lǐngdǎo leader
28	也	[yě] also, as well; 也许 yěxǔ perhaps
29	时(F�r)	[shí] period, season, (=时间 shíjiān, =时候 shíhou) time, (=小时 xiǎoshí) hour
30	年	[nián] year, <family name>; 今年 jīnnián this year; 明年 míngnián next year; 去年 qùnián last year; 中年 zhōngnián middle age
31	得	[de] <adverbial particle: verb + 得 + descripion>; 走得快 zǒude kuài walk quickly [dé] get, reach, achieve [děi] should
32	就	[jiù] just, simply, right away; 就要 jiùyào about to (do something); 这就是我! Zhè jiùshì wǒ! This is simply me!; 他就要去. Tā jiùyào qù. He is about to leave.
33	那	[nà] that [nèi] that (before classifier) [nuó] 禅那 chánnuó deep meditation [nuò] 无那 wúnuò helpless, unfortunately [nǎ] (=哪 nǎ) what? [něi] (=哪 něi before classifier) which?
34	要	[yào] want, will, shall, need, important, essential; 主要 zhǔyào main, fundamental [yāo] 要求 yāoqiú demand
35	下	[xià] below, under, (go) down, next (as opposed to previous/last) {Compare with 上 shàng above}
36	以	[yǐ] use, take, according to, because of, in order to; 可以 kěyǐ OK, may; 所以 suǒyǐ so, therefore, as a result; 以外 yǐwài beyond, except
37	生	[shēng] give birth, life; 先生 xiānsheng mister, gentleman, Sir
38	会(F��)	[huì] can, able, meet, meeting, society, union, party [kuài] 会计 kuàijì accounting [huǐ] 会儿 huìr moment
39	自	[zì] from, since, (=自己 zìjǐ) self; 自然 zìrán nature {Compare with 目 mù eye and 白 bái white}
40	着(F著)	[zhe] <verb particle marking a continuing progress/state> [zháo] touch [zhuó] wear clothes, dress, touch [zhāo] put in, add, (F招) make move in chess, trick, decieve
41	去	[qù] go, leave, depart (opposite of 来 lái)
42	之	[zhī] <subordinator similar to 的 de>, it (in classical texts)
43	过(F�^)	[guò] pass, cross, go by, exceed, <verb particle marking that someone has had the experience of doing something, that it has happened at least once>; 过马路 guò mǎlù cross the street; 我去过中国两次. wǒ qùguo Zhōngguó liǎng cì. I have gone to China twice.
44	家	[jiā] home, house, family; 国家 guójiā nation; 大家 dàjiā everybody [jie] 整天家 zhěngtiānjie all day long; 家里 jiālǐ (at) home, (in the) family
45	学(F�W)	[xué] study, learn; 学校 xuéxiào school; 学生 xuésheng student {Compare with 字 zì written character}
46	对(F��)	[duì] correct, answer, treat, agree, mutual, pair; 对不起 duìbuqǐ excuse me
47	可	[kě] ~able, (=可以 kěyǐ) may, can, (=可是 kěshì) but, however; 可爱 kě'ài loveable, cute; 可能 kě'néng possible, probable, maybe; 可口可乐 kěkǒukělè Coca Cola [kè] 可汗 kèhán khan
48	她	[tā] she, her
49	里	[lǐ] neighbourhood, half kilometer, <family name>, (F�Y,�e) in, inside, lining; 哪里? nǎli? where?; 那里 nàli there; 这里 zhèli here
50	后	[hòu] queen, (F後) after, behind, <family name>; 后天 hòutiān the day after tomorrow
51	小	[xiǎo] small; 大小 dàxiǎo size
52	么	[me/mo] (F�N,末) (interrogative suffix) 什么? shénme? what?; 为什么? wèishénme? why? 没什么! méi shénme! It doesn't matter!, Never mind!; 怎么? zěnme? how? [yāo] (S幺) youngest, one (e.g. in bus/house/phone numbers)
53	心	[xīn] heart; 小心 xiǎoxīn be careful; 心理 xīnlǐ psychology, mentality; 中心 zhōngxīn center
54	多	[duō] many, much, more; 多大 duōdà how large?; 多少 duōshǎo how many/much?
55	天	[tiān] sky, heaven, god, day, (=天空 tiānkōng) sky; 天气 tiānqì weather {天 干 tiāngān the Ten Heavenly Stems: 甲乙丙丁戊己庚辛壬癸 jiǎ-yǐ-bǐng-dīng-wù-jǐ-gēng-xīn-rén-guǐ (these characters are sometimes used as ordinal numbers} {Compare with 夫 fū man and 无 wú without}
56	而	[ér] (=而且 érqiě) and, furthermore, (=然而 rán'ér) yet, even so
57	能	[néng] can, be able; 能够 nénggòu be capable of; 可能 kě'néng maybe
58	好	[hǎo] good, good to..., easy to...; 你好! Nǐhǎo! Hello! [hào] to like [hāo] 好好儿 hǎohāor in perfectly good condition
59	都	[dōu] all [dū] (=首都 shǒudū) capital city
60	然	[rán] right, correct, so, like that; 虽然 suīrán although; 忽然 hūrán suddenly; 当然 dāngrán of course; 自然 zìrán nature
61	没(F�])	[méi] (=没有 méiyǒu) haven't, there isn't; 有没有? Yǒuméiyǒu? Is there or isn't there? Have (you) or haven't (you)? [mò] sink, overflow, disappear, confiscate
62	日	[rì] sun, (=日子 rìzi) day; 日记 rìjì diary; 日光 rìguāng sunlight {Compare with 曰 yuē say, 目 mù eye and 甘 gān sweet}
63	于	[yú] <family name>, (F於) in, at, for, to, from, by, than {Compare with 千 qiān thousand and 干 gān stem}
64	起	[qǐ] rise, start; 起来 qǐlai get up; 对不起 duìbuqǐ excuse me [qi] (when used as a verb complement)
65	还(F��)	[hái] still, yet [huán] return, give back
66	发	[fā] (F�l) deliver, utter, express, shoot, emit, develop, expand [fà] (F��) hair [fa] (F��) 头发 tóufa hair
67	成	[chéng] (=成为 chéngwéi, =变成 biànchéng) become, <family name>; 成功 chénggōng succeed; 完成 wánchéng accomplish, complete, fulfill; 成语 chéngyǔ idiom
68	事	[shì] matter, affair, thing, event, accident, job, responsibility; 事情 shìqing situation
69	只(F�o)	[zhǐ] only, just, merely, <classifier implying "one of a pair", animals, vessels, utensils, etc.>; 一只猫 yì zhǐ māo a cat [zhī] (F�b) single, one, only {Compare with 兄 xiōng brother}
70	作	[zuò] do, make; 工作 gōngzuò work; 作业 zuòyè homework [zuó] 作践 zuójian spoil, waste, humiliate, insult [zuō] do
71	当	[dāng] (F��) serve as, (F��) ding-dong [dàng] (F��) proper, right, equal, (=当作 dàngzuò) treat as, regard as
72	想	[xiǎng] think, feel, consider, want, remember
73	看	[kàn] see, look at, read, think, consider [kān] look after, tend; 看守 kānshǒu guard
74	文	[wén] language, literature, <family name>; 文化 wénhuà culture; 中文 Zhōngwén Chinese (written) language
75	无(F�o)	[wú] without, nothingness, have not [mó] 南无 nánmó <Sanskrit> to give oneself totally to {Compare with 天 tiān heaven}
76	开(F�_)	[kāi] open; 开始 kāishǐ begin 打开 dǎkāi open, unfold [kai] (when used as a verb complement) {Compare with 并 bìng combine}
77	手	[shǒu] hand, a person skilled in something; 挥手 huīshǒu wave; 拍手 pāishǒu clap; 握手 wòshǒu shake/clasp hands {Compare with 毛 máo hair}
78	十(F拾)	[shí] ten; 十三 shísān thirteen; 五十 wǔshí fifty; 十月 shíyuè October
79	用	[yòng] use; 好用 hǎoyòng useful; 不用 búyòng there's no need; 使用 shǐyòng use, apply {Compare with 甩 shuǎi swing}
80	主	[zhǔ] lord, master, host, god, (=主要 zhǔyào) main, primary; 主义 zhǔyì doctrine, ~ism; 主页 zhùyè homepage {Compare with 王 wáng king}
81	行	[xíng] go, OK; 行动 xíngdòng action, operation, move, get about, act [háng] line; 银行 yínháng bank; 行业 hángyè profession [hàng] 树行子 shùhàngzi rows of trees [héng] (phonetic radical)
82	方	[fāng] side, square; 地方 dìfang place; 方面 fāngmiàn aspect {Compare with 万 wàn ten thousand}
83	又	[yòu] again, both... and...
84	如	[rú] like, as, as if, (=如果 rúguǒ) if; 如此 rúcǐ like this
85	前	[qián] in front, previous, ago, former, first; 前天 the day before yesterday
86	所	[suǒ] place; 所以 suǒyǐ so, therefore; 所有 suǒyǒu all; 厕所 cèsuǒ toilet
87	本	[běn] basis, origin, edition, <classifier for books, periodicals, files, etc.>; 本人 běnrén I, me, myself; 日本 Rìběn Japan {Compare with 木 mù tree}
88	见(F��)	[jiàn] appear to be, meet with, call on, (=看见 kànjian) see; 意见 yìjian idea, view, opinion; 听见 tīngjiàn hear [xiàn] show, appear, become visible {Compare with 贝 bèi shellfish}
89	经(F��)	[jīng] longitude (both geographic and in Chinese medecin), scripture, constant, regular, <family name>, deal with, (=经纪 jīngjì) manage (a business); 已经 yǐjing already; 经过 jīngguò pass, go through; 经验 jīngyàn experience; 经由 jīngyóu via, by way of; 经常 jīngcháng frequent, daily; 易经 Yìjīng Book of Changes;
90	头(F�^)	[tóu] head, top, first, <classifier for livestock, garlic, etc.>; 头发 tóufa hair [tou] 石头 shítou stone
91	面	[miàn] face, surface, <classifier for mirrors, flags, etc.>, (F�I) wheat flour, (=面条 miàntiáo) noodle; 面包 miànbāo bread
92	公	[gōng] public, official; 公里 gōnglǐ kilometer; 办公室 bànggōngshì office; 公司 gōngsī company; 公共 gōnggòng public, communal, common; 公共汽车 gōnggòngqìchē (public) bus; 李公 Lǐgōng (honorable and old) Mr Li
93	同	[tóng] same, with; 同志 tóngzhì comrade [tòng] (F�h) 胡同 hútòng lane
94	三(F叁)	[sān] three; 第三世界 dì-sān shìjiè 3rd World; 三月 sānyuè March
95	已	[yǐ] stop, cease, end, (=已经 yǐjīng) already {Compare with 己 jǐ self, which is "open" on the left side}
96	老	[lǎo] old, venerable, outdated; 老师 lǎoshī teacher; 老虎 lǎohǔ tiger; 老张 lǎo Zhāng old Zhang = dear (friend) Mr Zhang
97	从(F��)	[cóng] from, through, join, follower, secondary [cōng] 黑从从 hēicōngcōng murky
98	动(F��)	[dòng] move, change, arouce; 动物 dòngwù animal; 活动 huódòng activity; 运动 yùndòng sports
99	两(F��)	[liǎng] two (before classifier), 50 grams
100	长(F�L)	[cháng] long, lasting, length [zhǎng] grow up, chief, head, older, elder